CSIR NET JRF Notes - Branches in Biology

AerobiologyIt is a branch of biology that studies organic particles, such as bacteria, fungal spores, very small insects, pollen grains and viruses, which are passively transported by the air
AgricultureIt is the science or practice of farming. It includes the study of producing crops from the soil, with an importance on practical applications
AnatomyIt is the scientific study of the structure of human or animal bodies.
Astrobiologythe branch of biology concerned with the effects of outer space on living organisms and the search for extraterrestrial life. Astrobiology is the study of all living things within the universe, where they might be found and how they were formed. It is the study of evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe. Also known as exobiology, exopaleontology, and bioastronomy.
Biochemistrythe scientific study of the chemistry of living things. the study of the chemical reactions required for life to exist and function
Bioengineeringthe study of biology through the means of engineering with an emphasis on applied knowledge and especially related to biotechnology (study the relation between workers and their environments using biological science).
BioinformaticsBioinformatics is the application of information technology and computer science to the field of molecular biology. the use of information technology for the study, collection, and storage of genomic and other biological data
Biomathematics or Mathematical Biologythe study of biological processes through mathematics, with an emphasis on modeling.
BiomechanicsBiomechanics is the application of mechanical principles to living organisms. It is often considered a branch of medicine, the study of the mechanics of living beings, with an emphasis on applied use through artificial limbs, etc.
Biomedical researchthe study of the human body in health and disease
Biophysicsthe study of biological processes through physics, by applying the theories and methods traditionally used in the physical sciences
BiotechnologyIt is the study of the uses of living cells and bacteria in industrial and scientific processes. it is a new and controversial branch of biology which studies the manipulation of living matter, including genetic modification
Building biologystudy of the indoor living environment
Botanythe study of plants
Cell biologythe study of the cell as a complete unit, and the molecular and chemical interactions that occur within a living cell.
Conservation Biologythe study of the preservation, protection, or restoration of the natural environment, natural ecosystems, vegetation, and wildlife
Cryobiologythe study of the effects of lower than normally preferred temperatures on living beings.
Developmental biologythe study of the processes through which an organism forms, from zygote to full structure.
Ecologythe study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with the non-living elements of their environment.
Embryologythe scientific study of the development of embryos. (from fecundation to birth)
Entomologythe scientific study of insects
Environmental Biologythe study of the natural world, as a whole or in a particular area, especially as affected by human activity
Epidemiologythe scientific study of the spread and control of diseases. it is a main factor of public health research, it is the study of factors affecting the health and illness of human beings
Ethologythe study of animal behavior.
Evolutionary Biologythe study of the origin and descent of species over time
Geneticsthe scientific study of the ways in which different characteristics are passed from each GENERATION of living things to the next. the study of genes and heredity.
Herpetologythe study of reptiles and amphibians
Histologythe study of cells and tissues, a microscopic branch of anatomy.
Ichthyologythe study of fish
Integrative biologythe study of whole organisms
Limnologythe scientific study of bodies of fresh water for their biological and physical and geological properties. It is often regarded as a division of ecology or environmental science.
Mammalogythe branch of zoology that studies mammals
Marine BiologyMarine biology is the scientific study of organisms in the ocean or other marine or brackish bodies of water. The study of ocean ecosystems, plants, animals, and other living beings.
Microbiologythe scientific study of very small living things, such as bacteria. It is the study of microscopic organisms (microorganisms) and their interactions with other living things
Molecular Biologythe study of biology and biological functions at the molecular level, some cross over with biochemistry
Mycologythe scientific studies of fungi (any plant without leaves, flowers or green colouring, usually growing on other plants or on decaying matter. MUSHROOMS and MILDEW are both fungi.)
Neurobiologythe study of the nervous system, including anatomy, physiology, even pathology
Oceanographythe scientific study of the ocean, including ocean life, environment, geography, weather, and other aspects influencing the ocean.
Oncologythe scientific study of and treatment of TUMOURS in the body. the study of cancer processes, including virus or mutation oncogenesis, angiogenesis and tissues remoldings
Ornithologythe scientific study of birds
Population biologystudy of the populations of organisms – most often referred as ecology, or used to point out biology adaptations, biology events sum up
Population ecologythe study of populations of organisms, including how they increase and go extinct (dynamics)
Population geneticsthe study of changes in gene frequencies in populations of organisms
Paleontologythe study of fossils and sometimes geographic evidence of prehistoric life
Pathologythe scientific study of diseases, and the causes, processes, nature, and development of disease
Parasitologythe study of parasites and parasitism
Pharmacologythe scientific study of drugs and their use in medicine including practical application of preparation, effects of drugs and synthetic medicines.
Physiologythe scientific study of the normal functions of the living organisms and the organs and parts of living organisms
PhytopathologyPlant pathology (also phytopathology) is the scientific study of plant diseases caused by pathogens (infectious diseases) and environmental conditions (physiological factors)
Psychobiologystudy of the biological bases of psychology
Sociobiologystudy of the biological bases of sociology
Structural biologya branch of molecular biology, biochemistry, and biophysics concerned with the molecular structure of biological macromolecules
Virologythe scientific study of VIRUSES and the diseases caused by them
Zoologythe scientific study of animals and their behaviour including classification, physiology, development, and behavior