If you already attened exams like CSIR, ICMR, GATE, DBT NET JRF you will always come across questions about gland system in own body and hormones released by them and there related function here you find list of glands in our body and there function
| Gland | Hormone | Functions |
| Hypothalamus | Releasing and inhibiting hormones and factors Posterior pituitary hormones produced here | Control of another pituitary hormones |
| Posterior pituitary gland | Receives hormones from hypothalamus no hormones synthesised here stores and secretes the following: Oxytocin Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) (vasopressin) | Ejection of milk from mammary gland, contraction of uterus during birth Reduction of urine secretion by kidney |
| Anterior pituitary gland | Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) Luteinising hormone (LH) Prolactin Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH or corticotrophin) Growth hormone (GH) | In male, stimulate spermatogenesis In female, growth of ovarian follicles In male testosterone secretion In female secretion of oestrogen and progesterone, ovulation and maintenance of corpus luteum Stimulates milk production and secretion Synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones growth of thyroid glands. Synthesis and secretion of adrenal cortex hormones growth of gland Protein synthesis, growth, especially of bone of limbs |
| Parathyroid gland | Parathormone | Increases blood calcium level Decreases blood phosphate level |
| Thyroid gland | Triiodothyronine (T3)and thyroxine (T4) Calcitonin | Regulation of basal metabolic rate, growth and development Decreases blood calcium level |
| Adrenal cortex | Glucocorticoids (cortisol) Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) | Protein breakdown, glucose/glycogen synthesis,adaptation to stress, anti-inflammatory/allergy effects Na+ retention in kidney, Na+ and K+ ratios in extracellular and intracellular fluids, raises blood pressure |
| Adrenal medulla | Adrenaline (epinephrine) Noradrenaline (norepinephrine) | Increase rate and force of heartbeat, constriction of skin and gut capillaries Dilation of arterioles of heart and skeletal muscles, raising blood glucose level General constriction of small arteries, raising of blood pressure |
| Islets of Langerhans | Insulin (beta cells) Glucagon (alpha cells) | Decreases blood glucose level, increases glucose and amino acid uptake and utilisation by cells Increases blood glucose level, breakdown of glucogen to glucose in liver |
| stomach Duodenum | Gastrin Secretin Cholecystokinin (Pancreozymin) | Secretion of gastric juices Secretion of pancreatic juice Inhibits gastric secretion Emptying of gall bladder and release of pancreatic juice in to duodenum |
| Kidney Ovary | Renin Oestrogens(17 Beta-oestradiol) Progesterone | Conversion of angiotensinogen into angiotensin Female secondary sex characteristics, oestrous cycle Gestation, inhibition of ovulation |
| Corpus luteum | Progesterone and oestrogen Progesterone ans oestrogen | Growth and development of uterus Foetal development |
| Placenta | Chorionic gonadotrophin Human placental lactogen | Maintenance of corpus luteum Stimulates mammary growth |
| Testis | Testosterone | Male secondary sexual characteristics |
